Standing the Test of Time - John Rafelt 3M ESPE

The very first evidence of dental impressions can be found as far back as the early 18^th century. Dentist Phillip Pfaff described a technique of taking impressions using sealing wax softened in hot water, before pouring plaster of Paris into the mould to form a rigid cast.[i]^,[ii] A letter by Isaac john Greenwood in 1861 also suggested that beeswax was used to create models for early dental prostheses.[iii]

While the general concept for taking impressions has remained the same, methods of acquiring data has of course changed. The first true precision impressions using hydrocolloids were taken in 1925, and the fundamental compounds have been used ever since. Various products have been brought to the global dental market over the years, each designed with the latest technologies of the time to improve the experience for both practitioner and patient, while enhancing the clinical result.

The test of time

In the last century alone, few products and technologies have stood the test of time. In fact, many of those that have been around even a decade after inception owe their survival to continual development and refinement in order to cater for the ever-evolving demands on dental professionals.

Modern suppliers and manufacturers have therefore invested much time, money and effort in the research and development stages of any and all products on offer. Clinical trials, studies and assessments are performed to test products before general release into the market, and user feedback is used to refine both existing and future solutions.

No company understands this better than 3M ESPE, who is delighted to be celebrating an impressive 50 years of the Impregum Polyether Impression Material family, from which several widely recognised and highly praised products have been borne. It was the first polyether impression material available.

Where it all began

Since its introduction in 1965, Impregum F was immediately popular with dentists around the world. Properties of the polyether material such as its incredible hydrophilicity, snap-set behaviour and monophase characteristics lent well to wet environments, and dentists were afforded good handling with the desired long working and setting times. Its rigidity when set allowed for superior accuracy and detail capture, as well as dimensional stability and outstanding reliability. Polyether products have since been the material of choice for most implant dentists, and even to this day, the Impregum Impression Materials remain the only true polyethers available on the market.

In the early 1990’s came the 3M ESPE Pentamix Automatic Mixing Unit – another first of its kind. The initial material to be made suitable for the Pentamix Mixing Unit was the high-selling Impregum F, which henceforth became known as Impregum Penta. Similarly, Permadyne Polyether Impression Material followed two years later, which was also suitable for automatic mixing. As many dentists preferred a heavier viscosity material in the impression tray and a lighter less viscous running material around preparations in the mouth, this is exactly what Permadyne provided.

Continual development

In order to improve the smell and taste of Impregum Impression Materials, while also offering a less rigid-set option, 3M ESPE developed Impregum Penta Soft in 2000. Combining all the characteristics of the highly popular polyether family, this product was designed to be easier to extract from the mouth while also being more forgiving with a softer set state. A year later the Impregum Penta DuoSoft was launched, meaning ‘two softs’, which provided a heavy viscosity yet softer material for the tray and a light viscosity material for the prep.

By this point, the clinical practise of dentistry had changed somewhat since Impregum was first developed. As such, a new demand for short working and setting times needed to be met. The entire 3M ESPE polyether family so far had an approximate overall working and setting time of 6 minutes. Customers had expressed a desire for faster setting times in order to enable smooth and streamlined workflows, and so came the Impregum Penta Soft Quick range in 2004, which dropped the working and setting time down to about 4 minutes. For the first time, dentists could employ fast setting modified polyethers for monophase and one-step / two-viscosity techniques based on the revolutionary ‘snap-set’ behaviour. Dental laboratories also reported a very high quality of casts with this material.[iv]

Industry recognition

Giving dentists even more confidence in their 3M ESPE products, Impregum Penta Impression Material and Pentamix Automatic Mixing Unit have gained several accolades over the years.

Impregum Awards:

• The Dental Advisor, Preferred Product winner, 2010 – highly rated and considered one of the best products in the market at that time.
• The Dental Advisor, 2013 Clinical Problem Solver – recognised for its ability to capture margin detail with subgingival preparation.
• The Dental Advisor, 2014 Clinical Problem Solver – praised for its rigid set state and ability to provide an accurate representation of an implant for more precise impressions first time, even when haemostasis is difficult to achieve.

Pentamix Awards:

• The Dental Advisor, Editors’ Choice.
• Reddot design award, 2009 – praised for its compact and versatile design and ease of use.
• The Dental Advisor, Assistant’s Choice, 2009 – awarded for its smaller size and easy use.

50 years later

Proving its worth half a century after its initial creation, Impregum Impression Material remains a highly suitable product for a wide range of indications including inlays, onlays, crowns, bridges and implants. Offering flexibility of working times and viscosities, Impregum enables you to work the way you want to and is often the preferred material for implantologists the world over.

For more information, call 0845 602 5094 or visit www.3Mespe.co.uk